Brazil moves to implement nationwide ISO 18000 6C sticker tag for vehicle ID - toll potential too

Brazil's federal legislature has voted final approval to implement plans for a nationwide automatic vehicle identification system based on the RFID ISO 18000 6C (6C) sticker tags. Under the Portuguese language acronym SINIAV planning for the system has been proceeding since 2004. The tags will begin to be deployed mid-2011 and three years later all the approximate 50m motor vehicles in the country are due to have them.

Mexico is implementing a similar national electronic vehicle registration (EVR) program.

In both cases the primary purpose of EVR is to provide a tool for police to more quickly and efficiently pick up vehicles involved in crimes, as well as stolen or unregistered vehicles traveling the roads. But once every vehicle has such a transponder, electronic tolling and road pricing suddenly become much easier:

- tollers don't need to issue their own transponders if they can read the EVR sticker tags

- less reliance on license plate reading cameras if most vehicles have EVR tags

All they need is the readers - $3k to $4k each plus mounting and installation - wherever there is a need to identify passing vehicles.

The universal tagging greatly facilitates area or network road pricing including congestion pricing schemes.

Normally vehicle-mile or network road use charges are envisaged as requiring vehicles to be equipped with satellite location (GPS) devices that cost anywhere between $50 and $500 apiece. By contrast 6C EVR sticker tags cost anywhere between $1.25 and $8 apiece.

They fit in an envelop so they can be mailed cheaply. (see picture nearby)

Unlike elaborate GPS in-vehicle devices the sticker tag work off the reflected energy of the inquiry signal from the reader - 'passive backscatter' is the term of art - so there is no need to provide them with a connection to the vehicle power supply. Such sticker tags are designed to adhere so firmly to the windshield that removing them destroys them, making theft and fraud much more difficult than with plug-in and portable devices.

In the US the 6C sticker tags have been ordered by Georgia DOT for their toll applications.

Millions of a closely related ISO 18000 6B sticker tags are in use for tolling from TransCore under brandnames TxTag and SunPass Mini.

Sirit the major supplier of hardbody T21 standard transponders to California and Colorado is in partnership with 3M marketing 6C sticker tags. 3M with Sirit selling the readers and systems have been successful in selling 6C toll systems to several countries in south America. TransCore has bid 6C. They won the Georgia I-85 HOT Lanes 6C contract.

see http://www.tollroadsnews.com/node/4365

There is heavy competition in supply of 6C tags because they are a variant of mass produced supply chain RFID tags and open standard. Neology, a firm in San Diego unknown to tolling has got huge 6C sticker tag orders in Mexico.

see http://www.tollroadsnews.com/node/4214

1024 bit memory

6C are read-write tags with 1024 bit memory. Under the Brazilian specs a unique serial number and manufacturers number take up 96 bits programmed on manufacture leaving 928 programmable bits. 416 bits are used for registration/law enforcement purposes: serial number, vehicle plate, vehicle class, vehicle brand, chassis number, and suchlike.

The other 512 bits are available for any special data wanted in other applications such as tolling. Thus a trip toll system could write the entry place and time to memory for download along with place and time on exit to compile a trip.

Minimum performance standards are 99.9% fully accurate reads at 0 to 160km/hr (100mph).

States in Brazil - there are 26 states - will soon begin issuing RFPs for tag-reader systems and associated services, we're told. The initial reader buy to get a national network in place is put at about 3,000 but eventually there could be tens of thousands of readers. They will be wirelessly networked.

BACKGROUND: Brazil is the giant of Latin America. It has a population of 192m, making it fifth in the world after China 1334m, India 1172m, USA 308m, Indonesia 231m.

Brazil's economy at $1.98t is the world's ninth after US $15.2t, China $7.9t, Japan $4.3t, India $3.3t, Germany $2.9t, Russia $2.3t, UK $2.2t, France $2.1t (IMF PPP).

It is way down in percapita income at 77th in the world according to the IMF at $10.5k v US $47k, down with Iran, South Africa.

In land area Brazil is 5th in the world at 8.51m km2 after Russia 17.1m, Canada 9.98m, US 9.63m, China 9.6m.

TRANSLATION OF LAW:

CONTRAN - Resolution No. 85/2009
2009/11/06

DELIBERATION CONTRAN No. 85, OF 5 NOVEMBER 2009
DOU 06.11.2009
Provides for the implementation of the National Automatic Vehicle Identification (SINIAV) throughout the national territory
THE PRESIDENT OF THE NATIONAL TRANSIT - CONTRAN, ad referendum of CONTRAN, using the powers conferred upon him the art. 12, item I of Law No. 9503 of 23 September 1997, which established the Brazilian Traffic Code, with Art. 6, section IX of the Bylaws of CONTRAN, and the view of the provisions of art. 2 of Decree No. 4711 of 29 May 2003, which provides for the coordination of the National Traffic System - TNS, and having regard to the Technical Note No 056/2009/CGPNE/DENATRAN, handed down by the General Coordination of Normative and Strategic Planning ;
Considering the need for adjustments to the text of the resolution and the need for more flexible specifications of the Annexes to Resolution No. 212/06, which will require more time to deployment of the National Automatic Vehicle Identification - SINIAV the Units of the Federation decides:
Article 1 The sole paragraph of art. 1 of Resolution No. 212/2006 of CONTRAN, shall henceforth read as follows:
Article 1 (...)
'Paragraph. SINIAV consists of vehicle identification plates installed in the vehicle electronics, antennas, readers, data processing centers and computer systems. "
Article 2 The heading and § 1 of Art. 2 of Resolution No. 212/2006 of CONTRAN, become effective with the following wording:
'Art 2 No motor vehicle, electrical, trailer and semi-trailer can be licensed on roads open to traffic without being equipped with a nameplate vehicle electronics in this Resolution.
§ 1 The nameplate vehicle electronics will be individualized and will have a unique serial number and unchangeable for each vehicle. "
Article 3 The heading and paragraph of art. 3 of Resolution No. 212/2006 of CONTRAN, become effective with the following wording:
'Art 3 Each plate will have to serve electronic obligatorily contain the following information, once stored can not be changed:
I - unique serial number;
II - Board number of the vehicle;
III - Number of the chassis;
IV - Code RENAVAM;
V - Category of Vehicle;
VI - Species of Vehicle;
VII - Type of Vehicle;
VIII - Vehicle Fleet Foreign Sole paragraph - The nameplate vehicle electronics in this article that will also meet to map memory allocation in Annex II of this Resolution. "
Article 4 The art. 4 of Resolution No. 212/2006 of CONTRAN, shall henceforth read as follows:
'Art 4 SINIAV have to be implemented throughout the country as scheduled in Annex I to this resolution. "
Article 5 The heading and paragraph of art. 5 of Resolution No. 212/2006 of CONTRAN, become effective with the following wording:
'Art 5 It is for the executive authorities or transit of the Federal District and the responsibility for implementing and operating SINIAV of its territory.
Paragraph. At their discretion, agencies or entities executives of transit states to establish agreements with the municipalities in order to SINIAV implementation, as provided for in art. 25 of CTB. "
Amend Article 6 to the caption and add the sole paragraph of art. 6 of Resolution No. 212/2006 of CONTRAN, which go into effect with the following wording:
'Art 6 The antennas and the vehicle identification plates electronics have to be approved by the executive governing body of the transit, according to the technical characteristics specified in Annex II of this Resolution.
Paragraph. The supreme organ of executive will set the transit through additional legislation, the further technical equipment, described in the sole paragraph of art. 1 of this Resolution. "
Amend Article 7 of Annex I of Resolution No. 212/2006 of CONTRAN, which shall henceforth read as follows:
'ANNEX I - Schedule of implementation SINIAV
1. The process of implementation of the National Automatic Identification of Vehicles - SINIAV, will have to be started in all over the country until the 30th of June 2011 and be completed by the June 30, 2014.
1.1 After the deadline given in this section, no vehicle can travel if not met the conditions set out in this Resolution and its Annexes.
2. For purposes of compliance with this resolution shall be considered that the deployment of SINIAV be initiated in a given State or the Federal District when they met the following three conditions:
2.1 When the first licensing of new vehicles occur with the placement of the equipment described in Article 2 of this Resolution.
2.2 When the new registration or licensing of vehicles in circulation occur with the placement of the equipment described in Article 2 of this Resolution.
2.3 Where there is at least one device read / write and control, functioning and connected to a computerized system for recording data nameplate vehicle electronics, connected to the system RENAVAM in each of the body or executive authority of transit States and the Federal District or regional district, where you installed the equipment described in Section 2 of this Resolution.
3. For the purpose of implementation of this resolution shall be considered to SINIAV implementation will be completed in a given State or the Federal District, where all registered vehicles can only be licensed if done placing the equipment described in Article 2 of this resolution. "

Article 8 amend Annex II of Resolution No. 212/2006 of CONTRAN, which shall henceforth read as follows:
'ANNEX II - Technical Specifications
1. The National System for Automatic Identification of Vehicles - SINIAV, technology-based radio frequency identification (RFID), consists of vehicle identification plates installed in the vehicle electronics, antennas that receive and transmit data to the vehicle identification plates installed in the vehicle electronics in time of passage of the same area covered by the antennas and support systems such as transmission and data processing.
2. The term antenna, for purposes of this resolution, the device responsible and able to read and write information on the nameplate vehicle electronics, and will have to have the following characteristics:
2.1. Provide for integrated operation with other field equipment, through secure communication interface, through existing arrangements or to be developed with similar purpose.
2.2. Play reading of at least 99.90% (ninety nine point ninety percent) of the passages of vehicles fitted with nameplates vehicular electronics, information under the conditions specified in clause 2.4 of this Annex
2.3. Ability to read and write nameplate vehicle electronics installed in vehicles to suit the operating conditions of public roads in Brazil, allowing clear identification of the full bearing on which the vehicle stands.
2.4. Allow reading the nameplates vehicle electronics installed in vehicles that are at any speed within the range of 0 to 160 km / h, all the information on page 1 of the map memory allocation broken down in Table 1 of this Annex:
2.5. Withstand weather and work in the open with minimal physical protection IP 65 according to NBR 9883 ABNT (Brazilian Association of Technical Standards), when not installed in devices that meet this condition.
3. The nameplates vehicle electronics have the following characteristics:
3.1. Minimum storage capacity of 1024 bits of information serve, besides the memory required for the operation of the system, with no maximum limit of memory;
3.2. Enable their attachment in vehicles so that they become physically dead when removed from its original location;
3.3. Are fixed to the inside of the front windshield of the vehicle, as window reporting informed by the manufacturer of the vehicle;
3.3.1. Without this information, they must be fixed to the inside of the front windshield of the vehicle, as determinations of the governing body executive motel Union
3.3.2. For vehicles that have no windshield, the nameplate vehicle electronics have to be set in place to ensure its full operation.
3.4. Ability to be read in any weather conditions, without prejudice to the reliability of 99.90% (ninety nine point ninety percent) of the vehicle identification;
3.5. Uniqueness numerical guaranteed through a process controlled by the maximum traffic executive of the Union;
3.6. Ability to meet at least the requirements of the map memory allocation shown in Table 1 of this Annex.
TABLE 1
Map memory allocation nameplate vehicle electronics

Page (128 bits)
Field
Size bits
Field Training
1
Serial Number One
64
Serial that uniquely identifies a vehicle
Vehicle Plate
40
Reserve Board 4 letter and 5-digit numeric
Category of Vehicle
8
2 numeric digits
Species Vehicle
4
1 digit numeric
Type of Vehicle
8
2 numeric digits
Foreign Vehicle Fleet
1
condition true or false
Reserve DENATRAN
3
reserve DENATRAN SINIAV
2
Caller ID
64
parents and state
Enrollment Agent Developer
32
Registration number of the agent programmer
Date Time Schedule
32
Date and Time - based on the standard 'Unix time' to represent date and time in seconds from 01Jan1970
3
Chassis Number
128
17 alphanumeric characters chassis 4 characters reserved
4
Control Manufacturing
32
Reserved for manufacturing
RENAVAM
40
9 numeric digits plus 1 digit reservation DENATRAN
Code Brand / Model
24
6 numeric digits
Reserved Area
32
Area reserved for applications DENATRAN
5
Area reserved for other uses authorized by DENATRAN
128
Area reserved for other uses authorized by DENATRAN
6-7-8
Use Open to Other Applications
384
6 blocks of 64 bits

4. SINIAV have the following security features:
4.1. Safety data integrity nameplate vehicle electronics: data identification nameplate vehicle electronics in it written by its manufacturer and the identification data of the vehicle recorded by the executive authority or the transit State or the Federal District or where the vehicle is registered as required by Article 3 of this resolution will have to have recording characteristics such that it is impossible to change them.
4.2. Data security between a nameplate vehicle electronics and antenna reader: that will be used encryption keys, or other means to ensure data security, authentication for communication between the vehicle identification cards and electronic reading antennas.
4.3. The architecture of SINIAV have to ensure the security of information protected by the secrecy of data, under the Federal Constitution and the laws governing the matter.
5. SINIAV have the following general characteristics:
5.1. The range of power and often used by antennas and nameplates vehicle electronics, will have to comply with the regulations described in terms of channeling ANATEL.
5.1.1. The equipment mentioned in item 1 of Annex II have to be approved and authorized by resolutions and by the maximum traffic executive of the Union
5.2. The technical characteristics of operation of vehicle identification cards and electronic reading antennas will ensure the interoperability of the various equipment of its members, as the sole paragraph of art. 1 of this Resolution.
5.3. The protocol used for communication between the vehicle identification plates electronics and antennas will be opened in order to meet the provisions of Article 6 of this resolution and to ensure the interoperability of the system nationwide.
5.4. SINIAV and its subsystems will have to have use in write operations, under controlled conditions, at least 99.90% (ninety nine point ninety percent) of vehicles equipped with the nameplate vehicle electronics that pass the area covered antennas.
5.5 The data contained in SINIAV, as well as forms of communication for reading and writing data, they must be secured by means of cryptographic keys that enable the integrity, confidentiality and reliability of the information stored or transmitted over the air interface. "
Article 9 This Decision is in force on the date of its publication.
ALFREDO PERES DA SILVA

TOLLROADSnews 2009-11-12